Lessons From Nature
Top
Acknowledgements
Table of Contents
Foreword
Preface
Chapter-1

Chapter-2

Chapter-3
Chapter-4
Chapter-5
Chapter-6
Chapter-7
Chapter-8
Pictures
References
Reading List
Lessons from Nature
Chapter-1
Nature and Agriculture

If we think seriously about agriculture - its problems and its improvement - we must learn from nature. Why? Because nature is the ideal. In biomass production, fertility maintenance, soil protection, pest control, utilization of incoming energies - nature shows us the most effective system. Where can we find real nature? In the natural forest. The natural forest produces a huge amount of biomass each year without any artificial input and provides food for all living things within it. Agriculture, on the other hand, produces less biomass, needs artificial input and faces may problem.

The production mechanisms of both agriculture and the natural forest are the same. They produce carbohydrates (biomass) through photosynthesis using nutrients and water from the soil, carbon dioxide from the air and sunlight (energy). The difference is that the forest is natural and agriculture is artificial. This artificiality creates many problems which do not occur in the natural forest - soil fertility depletion, soil erosion, pest outbreak, among others and consequently - low productivity.

Though agriculture is artificial, it is within nature and therefore under the limits of nature. It is very important for agriculture come from man's ignorance of these rules. We need to look agriculture from a different angle in order to solve its problems.


In this chapter we explore:
1.1 the rules of nature by examining the ecosystem of the natural forest
1.2 the differences between nature and agriculture
1.3 water and its role in agriculture
1.4 the characteristics of the tropical ecosystem

to:1.1 The Ecosystem of the Natural Forest